Simbi fiber reinforced kongiri (SFRC) rudzi rutsva rwezvinhu zvakaumbwa zvinogona kudirwa nekupfapfaidzwa nekuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwefiber yesimbi mupfupi mukongiri yakajairika. Yakakura nekukurumidza kumba uye kunze kwenyika mumakore achangopfuura. Inokunda zvikanganiso zvesimba rakaderera, diki rekupedzisira kureba uye brittle pfuma yekongiri. Iyo ine yakanakisa zvimiro senge kusimba simba, kukotama kuramba, shear resistance, crack resistance, kuneta kuramba uye kuoma kwakanyanya. Yakashandiswa mu hydraulic engineering, mugwagwa uye bhiriji, kuvaka uye mamwe minda yeinjiniya.

 

一.Kuvandudzwa kwesimbi fiber reinforced concrete

 

Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) ndiyo chidimbu chefiber reinforced concrete. Inowanzo sement-based composite inoumbwa nesamende paste, dhaka kana kongiri uye simbi faibha, inorganic fiber kana organic fiber yakasimbiswa zvinhu. Icho chinhu chitsva chekuvakisa chinoumbwa nekuparadzira zvakafanana mapfupi uye akatsetseka faibha zvine simba rakanyanya kusimba, kureba kwekupedzisira uye yakakwirira alkali kuramba mune kongiri matrix. Fiber mukongiri inogona kudzikisira chizvarwa chekutsemuka kwekutanga mukongiri uye kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekutsemuka pasi pechiito chesimba rekunze, kukurira zvinokanganisa hurema hwakadai sekuderera kwesimba, kutsemuka kuri nyore uye kushomeka kuneta kuramba kwekongiri, uye kugadzirisa zvakanyanya mashandiro. yekusamira, kusapinda kwemvura, kupikisa chando uye kusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwekongiri. Fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri, kunyanya simbi faibha yakasimbisa kongiri, yakwezva kutarisisa kwakawanda uye kwakawanda muzvidzidzo uye mainjiniya madenderedzwa muuinjiniya hunoshanda nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwepamusoro. 1907 nyanzvi yeSoviet B П. Hekpocab yakatanga kushandisa simbi fiber reinforced concrete; Muna 1910, HF Porter yakabudisa mushumo wekutsvakurudza pamusoro pefiber pfupi yakasimbiswa kongiri, ichiratidza kuti mafupi mafiber esimbi anofanirwa kuparadzirwa zvakaenzana mukongiri kusimbisa matrix zvinhu; Muna 1911, Graham wokuUnited States akawedzera faibha yesimbi mukongiriwo zvayo kuti avandudze kusimba nokugadzikana kwekongiri; Pakazosvika makore ekuma1940, United States, Britain, France, Germany, Japan nedzimwe nyika dzakanga dzaita tsvakurudzo yakawanda pakushandisa simbi yesimbi kuvandudza kusapfeka uye kuputika kwekongiri, hunyanzvi hwekugadzira simbi fiber kongiri, nekuvandudza chimiro chesimbi fiber kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza pakati pefiber uye kongiri matrix; Muna 1963, JP romualdi naGB Batson vakaburitsa bepa pamusoro pemagadzirirwo ekugadzirwa kwesimbi fiber yakavharirwa kongiri, uye vakaisa mhedziso yekuti simba rekutsemuka kwesimbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri inotarwa neavhareji nzvimbo yesimbi fiber inoita basa rinoshanda. mukunetseka kwekunetseka (fiber spacing theory), nekudaro kutanga danho rekusimudzira reiyi nyowani inoumbwa zvinhu. Kusvika parizvino, nekuzivikanwa uye kushandiswa kwesimbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri, nekuda kwekugoverwa kwakasiyana kwefiber mukongiri, kune mhando ina dzinonyanya: simbi fiber reinforced concrete, hybrid fiber reinforced concrete, layered simbi fiber reinforced concrete uye layered hybrid fiber. kongiri yakasimbiswa.

 

二.Kusimbisa nzira yesimbi fiber reinforced concrete

 

1.Composite mechanics theory. Dzidziso yezvakagadzirwa mechanics yakavakirwa padzidziso yekuenderera mberi fiber composites uye yakasanganiswa nekugovera maitiro esimbi fiber mukongiri. Mune iyi dzidziso, macomposites anoonekwa seaviri-chikamu macomposites ane fiber sechikamu chimwe uye matrix sechimwe chikamu.

 

Fiber spacing theory. Fiber spacing theory, inozivikanwawo se crack resistance theory, inokurudzirwa zvichibva pamutsara elastic fracture mechanics. Iyi dzidziso inobata kuti iyo yekusimbisa mhedzisiro yefiber inongoenderana neyakafanana yakagovaniswa fiber spacing (minimum spacing).

 

三.Kuongorora pamusoro pekusimudzira mamiriro esimbi fiber reinforced concrete

 

1.Simbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri.Simbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri imhando yeinofanana uye yakawanda-yakatarisana yakasimbiswa kongiri inoumbwa nekuwedzera shoma shoma kabhoni simbi, Stainless simbi uye FRP faibha mukongiri yakajairika. Huwandu hwekusanganiswa kwesimbi fiber kazhinji 1% ~ 2% nehuwandu, nepo 70 ~ 100kg simbi fiber inosanganiswa mune yega cubic mita yekongiri nehuremu. Kureba kwesimbi fiber kunofanira kuva 25 ~ 60mm, dhayamita inofanira kuva 0.25 ~ 1.25mm, uye yakanakisa reshiyo yehurefu kusvika padhayamita inofanira kuva 50 ~ 700. Zvichienzaniswa nekongiri yakajairika, haingogone kuvandudza tambo, kugera, kukotama. Kupfeka uye kutsemuka kuramba, asi zvakare kunowedzera zvakanyanya kuomarara kwekuputsika uye kukanganiswa kwekongiri, uye zvakanyanya kunatsiridza kuneta kuramba uye kusimba kwechimiro, kunyanya kuomarara kunogona kuwedzerwa ne10 ~ 20 nguva. Iyo mechanic zvimiro zvesimbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri uye yakajairwa kongiri inofananidzwa muChina. Kana zviri mukati mesimbi fiber iri 15% ~ 20% uye mvura simende reshiyo iri 0.45, simba rekusimba rinowedzera ne50% ~ 70%, simba rekuchinja rinowedzera ne120% ~ 180%, simba rekuita rinowedzera ne10 ~ 20. nguva, simba rekuneta rinowedzera ne15 ~ 20 nguva, flexural toughness inowedzera ne14 ~ 20 nguva, uye kupfeka kuramba kunovandudzwa zvakare. Naizvozvo, simbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri ine zviri nani zvemuviri uye zvemagetsi zvivakwa pane plain kongiri.

2.Hybrid fiber kongiri. Yakakodzera tsvakurudzo data inoratidza kuti simbi fiber haina kunyanya kukurudzira simba rekumanikidza rekongiri, kana kutoderedza; Kuenzaniswa nekongiri yakajeka, kune zvakanaka uye zvakaipa (kuwedzera uye kuderera) kana kunyange maonero epakati pamusoro pekusapinda, kupfeka kusagadzikana, kukanganisa uye kupfeka kupikisa kwesimbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri uye kudzivirira kwekutanga kwepurasitiki shrinkage yekrete. Mukuwedzera, simbi fiber reinforced concrete ine mamwe matambudziko, akadai seyero yakakura, mutengo wakakwirira, ngura uye inenge isina kupikisa kuputika kunokonzerwa nemoto, iyo yakakanganisa kushandiswa kwayo kune zviyero zvakasiyana. Mumakore achangopfuura, dzimwe nyanzvi dzemumba nedzekunze dzakatanga kuterera kune hybrid fiber kongiri (HFRC), kuyedza kusanganisa faibha nemhando dzakasiyana siyana uye zvakanakira, kudzidza kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, nekupa kutamba kune "positive hybrid athari" pamatanho akasiyana uye. kurodha matanho ekusimudzira akasiyana zvivakwa zvekongiri, kuitira kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvemapurojekiti akasiyana. Nekudaro, zvine chekuita neayo akasiyana mekiniki zvivakwa, kunyanya kupera simba kwayo uye kukuvara kwekuneta, deformation yekuvandudza mutemo uye kukuvara maitiro pasi pe static uye dynamic mitoro uye inogara amplitude kana inosiyana amplitude cyclic mitoro, iyo yakakwana yekusanganisa huwandu uye kusanganisa chikamu chefiber, hukama. pakati pezvikamu zvezvinhu zvakaumbwa, simba rekusimbisa uye kusimbisa mashandiro, anti fatigue performance, kutadza mashandiro uye tekinoroji yekuvaka, Matambudziko emusanganiswa chikamu dhizaini anofanirwa kuongororwa.

3.Layered simbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri.Monolithic faibha yakasimbiswa kongiri haisi nyore kusanganisa zvakaenzana, iyo fiber iri nyore kuunganidza, huwandu hwefiber hwakakura, uye mutengo wakakwira, izvo zvinokanganisa kushandiswa kwayo kwakakura. Kuburikidza nenhamba huru yeinjiniya maitiro uye theoretical research, rudzi rutsva rwesimbi fiber chimiro, layer simbi fiber reinforced kongiri (LSFRC), inokurudzirwa. Iyo shoma shoma yesimbi fiber yakagoverwa zvakaenzana pamusoro uye pasi pepamusoro pemugwagwa slab, uye pakati ichiri plain concrete layer. Iyo simbi fiber muLSFRC inowanzo kugoverwa nemaoko kana nemakanika. Iyo simbi faibha yakareba, uye kureba dhayamita reshiyo kazhinji iri pakati pe70 ~ 120, ichiratidza kugoverwa kwemativi maviri. Pasina kukanganisa ma mechanic properties, ichi chinyorwa hachingodzikisi zvakanyanya huwandu hwesimbi fiber, asi zvakare inodzivirira chiitiko chefiber agglomeration mukusanganiswa kwefiber fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri. Mukuwedzera, nzvimbo yesimbi fiber layer mukongiri ine simba guru pane flexural simba rekongiri. Iyo yekusimbisa mhedzisiro yesimbi fiber layer pazasi pekongiri ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka. Nechinzvimbo chesimbi fiber layer ichikwira kumusoro, iyo yekusimbisa mhedzisiro inoderera zvakanyanya. Simba rekushanduka-shanduka reLSFRC rinopfuura 35% yakakwirira kupfuura yekongiri isina kujeka ine musanganiswa wakafanana muyero, uyo wakadzikira zvishoma pane weiyo integral steel fiber reinforced concrete. Zvisinei, LSFRC inogona kuchengetedza mari yakawanda yezvinhu, uye hapana dambudziko rekusanganiswa kwakaoma. Naizvozvo, LSFRC chinhu chitsva chine mabhenefiti akanaka emagariro uye ehupfumi uye tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa, iyo yakakodzera kufarirwa uye kushandiswa mukuvaka kwepavement.

 

4.Layered hybrid fiber kongiri.Layer hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (LHFRC) chinhu chakaumbwa chinoumbwa nekuwedzera 0.1% polypropylene faibha pahwaro hweLSFRC uye zvakaenzana kugovera nhamba huru yeakanaka uye mapfupi polypropylene faibha dzine simba rakanyanya kusimba uye kureba kwekupedzisira kwesimbi yepamusoro nepasi. faibha kongiri uye plain kongiri iri pakati nepakati. Inogona kukunda kushaya simba kweLSFRC yepakati plain kongiri layer uye kudzivirira njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzekuchengetedza mushure mekunge simbi yesimbi fiber yasakara. LHFRC inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kusimba kwekongiri. Kana ichienzaniswa nekongiri yakajeka, simba rayo rekunyunguduka rekongiri rakajeka rinowedzera ne20%, uye kana ichienzaniswa neLSFRC, simba rayo rekuchinjika rinowedzerwa ne2.6%, asi harina mhedzisiro paflexural elastic modulus yekongiri. Iyo flexural elastic modulus yeLHFRC ndeye 1.3% yakakwirira kupfuura iyo yekongiri yakajeka uye 0.3% yakaderera pane iyo yeLSFRC. LHFRC inogonawo kuwedzera zvakanyanya kusimba kwekongiri, uye flexural toughness index yayo ingangoita 8 nguva yekongiri yakajeka uye 1.3 nguva yeLSFRC. Uyezve, nekuda kwekuita kwakasiyana kwemafibhi maviri kana anopfuura muLHFRC mukongiri, zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveinjiniya, iyo yakanaka hybrid mhedzisiro ye synthetic fiber uye simbi fiber mukongiri inogona kushandiswa kuvandudza zvakanyanya ductility, kusimba, kusimba, kutsemuka simba. , flexural simba uye tensile simba rezvinyorwa, kuvandudza hutano hwezvinhu uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa rezvinhu.

——Abstract (Shanxi architecture, Vol. 38, No. 11, Chen Huiqing)